Evolution of Intel Microprocessors.

Evolution of Intel Microprocessors 

4 bit Microprocessors

 4004

•  Introduced in 1971
•  First microprocessor by Intel 
•  It was a 4-bit microprocessor
•   Its clock speed was 740 KHz
•  It had 2,300 transistors
•  It could execute around 60,000 instructions per seconds 
• Used in calculators 

4040 

•  Introduced in 1974 
•  4-bit microprocessor 
•  3,000 transistors were used
•  Clock speed was 740 KHz 
• Interrupt features were available

 8 Bit Microprocessors

 8008 

•  Introduced in 1972 it was first 8 bit microprocessor 
•  Its clock speed was 500 KHz 
•  Could execute 50,000 instruction per second
•   Used in: Computer terminals, Calculator, Bottling Machines, industrial Robots 

8080 

•  Introduced in 1974 
•  It was also 8-bit microprocessor 
• Its clock speed was 2 MHz
•   It has 6,000 transistors 
•  10 times faster than 8008 
• Could execute 500,000 instructions per second 
•  Used In: Calculators, Industrial Robots

 8085 

•  Introduced in 1976
•   It was also 8-bit microprocessor 
•  Its clock speed was 3 MHz
•   Its data bus is 8 bit and address bus is 16 bit 
•  It has 6,500 transistors 
•  It could execute 769,230 instructions per second
•   It could access 64KB of memory 
•  It has 246 instructions
•  Used In: early PC, On-Board Instrument Data Processors 

16 Bit Microprocessors




8086

•  Introduced in 1978
•   First 16-bit microprocessor 
•  Clock speed is 5 to 10 MHz
•   Data bus is 16-bit and address bus is 20-bit 
•  It had 29,000 transistors
•  It could execute 2.5 million instructions per second
•   Could access 1MB of memory 
•  It had 22,000 instructions 
•  Used In: CPU of Microcomputers 

8088 

• Introduced in 1979
•  It was also 16-bit microprocessor 
•  It was creates as cheaper version of Intel’s 8086
•  16-bit processor with an 8-bit data bus
•  Could execute 2.5 million instructions per second 
•  The chip become the most popular in the computer industry when IBM used it for its first PC

 80286 

•  Introduced in 1982
•   It was 16-bit microprocessor 
•  Its clock speed was 8 MHz 
•  Data bus is 16-bit and address bus is 24-bit
•   Could address 16 MB of memory 
•  It has 134,000 transistors 
•  Could execute 4-million instructions per second 

32 Bit Microprocessors 

80386 

•  Introduced in 1986 
•  First 32-bit microprocessor
•   Data bus is 32 bit and address bus is 32-bit 
•  It could address 4GB of memory 
•  It has 275,000 transistors
•  Clock speed varied from 16 MHz to 33 MHz depending upon different versions
•   Different Versions

•   80386DX 

•  80386SX

•   80386SL

 80486 

•  Introduced in 1989
•   32-bit microprocessor
•   Had 1.2 million transistors 
•  Clock speed varied from 16 MHz to 100 MHz depending upon the various versions
•  It had five different versions 

• 80486DX 

•  80486SX

•   80486DX2 

•  80486SL 

•  80486DX4 

• 8KB of cache memory was introduced

Pentium  

 Introduced in 1993 

 It was also 32-bit microprocessor 

 Clock speed was 66 MHz 

 Data bus is 32-bit and address bus is 32-bit 

 Could address 4GB of memory 

 Could execute 110 million instructions per second 

 Cache memory 

 8KB for Instruction 

 8KB for data 

 Upgraded Version: 

Pentium Pro Pentium II 

 Introduced in 1997 

 32-bit microprocessor 

 Clock speed was 233 to 450 MHz 

 MMX technology was supported 

 L2 cache and processor were on one circuit 

 Upgraded Version:

 Pentium II Xenon Pentium III 

 Introduced in 1999 

 It was 32-bit microprocessor 

 Clock speed varied from 500 MHz to 1.4 GHz 

 It had 9.5 million transistors 

Pentium IV 

 Introduced in 2000 

 32-bit microprocessor 

 Clock speed was from 1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz 

 L1 cache was 32 KB and L2 cache was 256 KB  

 It had 42 million transistors 

Intel Dual Core 

 Introduced in 2006 

 It is 32-bit or 64 bit Microprocessor 

 It has 2-cores
 Both cores have their own internal bus and L1 cache but share the external bus and L2 cache 

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